The morning being fair I sent out all the hunters, and directed two of them to procede down the river as far as it's junction with the Eastern fork which heads near the missouri, and return this evening.  this fork of the river we determined to name the Valley plain river. [The river is the present Clark Fork above its junction with the Bitterroot. In the spring of 1806 they decided to name the Bitterroot-Clark fork "Clark's River," having previously called it the Flathead.] I think it most probable that this river continues it's course along the rocky Mts. Northwardly as far or perhaps beyond the scources of Medecine river and then turning to the West falls into the Tacootchetessee. [Alexander Mackenzie discovered the Tacoutche-Tesse, a large river in British Columbia west of the Continental Divide, in 1793. He believed it to be the Columbia, or a major tributary thereof, and Jefferson, Lewis, and Clark shared the assumption. It is in fact the modern Fraser River, neither the Columbia nor a tributary, but this was not discovered until 1807 by Simon Fraser. The Clark Fork, after meeting the Bitterroot, does flow northwest to Lake Pend d' Oreille, in northern Idaho, and from there flows into the Columbia. Therefore the information Lewis received was essentially correct.] The Minetares informed us that there mass [was] a large river west of, and at no great distance from the sources of Medecine river, which passed along the Rocky Mountains from S. to N.--  this evening one of our hunters returned accompanyed by three men of the Flathead nation whom he had met in his excurtion up travellers rest Creek. [The hunter was John Colter. The Indians' description of their country matches the Nez Perce homeland in Idaho, and they were probably of that tribe, not Flatheads (Salish). This may be an instance of using the term "Flathead" broadly, for many tribes west of the Continental Divide.]   on first meeting him the Indians were allarmed and prepared for battle with their bows and arrows, but he soon relieved their fears by laying down his gun and advancing towards them.  the Indians were mounted on very fine horses of which the Flatheads have a great abundance; that is, each man in the nation possesses from 20 to a hundred head.  our guide could not speake the language of these people but soon engaged them in conversation by signs or jesticulation, the common language of all the Aborigines of North America, it is one understood by all of them and appears to be sufficiently copious to convey with a degree of certainty the outlines of what they wish to communicate.   in this manner we learnt from these people that two men which they supposed to be of the Snake nation had stolen 23 horses from them and that they were in pursuit of the theaves.  they told us they were in great hast, we gave them some boiled venison, of which the eat sparingly.  the sun was now set, two of them departed after receiving a few small articles which we gave them, and the third remained, having agreed to continue with us as a guide, and to introduce us to his relations whom he informed us were numerous and resided in the plain below the mountains on the columbia river, from whence he said the water was good and capable of being navigated to the sea; that some of his relation were at the sea last fall and saw an old whiteman who <send given> resided there by himself and who had given them some handkerchiefs such as he saw in our possession.--   he said it would require five sleeps wich is six days travel, to reach his relations.  the Flatheads are a very light coloured people of large stature and comely form.

September 10, 1805
William Clark

A fair morning Concluded to Delay to day and make Some observations, as at this place the rout which we are to prosue will pass up the Travelers rest Creek, The day proved fair and we took equal altitudes & Some luner observations.  The Latd. 46^o 48' 28" as the guide report that no game is to be found on our rout for a long ways, ads an addition to the cause of our delay to precure Some meat, despatched all our hunters in different directions, to hunt the Deer which is the only large game to be found   they killed 4 deer a Beaver & 3 Grouse which was divided, one of the hunters Colter [John Colter], met with 3 <flatheads> Tushapaw Indians who were in pursuit of 2 Snake Indians that hade taken from <the three from> ther Camps on the <Columbia> head of Kooskooske River [The use of this term indicates that Clark was correcting this journal later, possibly as late as 1810 when he was conferring with Nicholas Biddle. The river is the present Clearwater which the party did not reach for another ten days and which they did not name in the journals until October 6.] 21 horses, Those Indians came with Colter to our Camp & informed by Signs of their misfortune & the rout to ther villages &c. &c.  one of them Concluded to return with us. <I> we gave them a ring fish hook & tied a pece of ribin in the hare of each which appeared to please them verry much, Cap Lewis gave them a Steel & a little Powder to make fire, after eating 2 of them proceeded on in pursute of their horses.  men all much engaged preparing mockersons &c. &c.  The Countrey about this place is already described in that above.

September 10, 1805
John Ordway

a fair morning.  we make a Short halt here to wrest and hunt.  all the best hunters turned out to hunt.  the day warm. towards evening the hunters returned   had killed 4 Deer a faun and Several ducks and geese.  one of the hunters [John Colter] Saw three Indians on horse back they appeared afraid of him  Signed to him to lay down his gun  he layed it down  they then came to him [in] a friendly manner.  he Signed to them to come with hm and they took him on behind one of them and rode down to Camp.  they belong to the flat head nation  they Signed to us that they lay all day in hearing of our guns but was afraid to come to us.   they Sign to us also that 2 of the Snake nation had Stole 2 of their horses, and they were in pursuit of them--

September 10, 1805
Patrick Gass

We remained here all this day, which was clear and pleasant, to let our horses rest, and to take an observation. At night our hunters came in, and had killed 5 deer. With one of the hunters, 3 of the Flathead Indians came to our camp. They informed us that the rest of their band was over on the Columbia river, about 5 or 6 days' journey distant, with pack-horses; that two of the Snake nation had stolen some of their horses, and that they were in pursuit of them. We gave them some presents, and one stayed to go over the mountains with us; the other two continued their pursuit.

September 10, 1805
Joseph Whitehouse

a clear pleasant morning.  not So cold as usal. as our road leads over a mountain to our left, we conclu[de] our Captains conclude to Stay here this day to take observations, and for the hunters to kill meat to last us across the mountain and for our horses to rest &c.  Several men and all the best hunters went a hunting   considerable of cotton timber on this creek  the choke cherries abound on its bottoms.  the natives has lately gthered an amence quantites of them here for food, as they mooved up.  considerable of Elder [Most likely Blue Elderberry, Sambucus cerulea - See Lewis for February 7, 1806] willow and Servis bushes along the Creek &c. theo [though] the day is warm the Snow does not melt on the mt. a Short distance from us. considerable of pitch pine on the mountains, but the Snow makes them look like the middle of winter. the valley and plains are pleasant. towards evening the hunters all came or returned to Camp  had killed 4 Deer 2 ducks a faun deer and Several geese.  towards evening one of the hunters [John Colter] went up the creek a Short distance  came across three Indians [The party called them Flatheads (Salish), they were probably Nez Perces.] a horseback   they appeared afraid of him untill he lay down his gun they then came up to him in a friendly manner and took him on behind one of them and rode verry fast down to our Camp.   they belong to the nation of flat heads.  2 of our hunters was down the River in cite of the forks to day, and allow it to be about 15 miles down the valley.   these three natives tell us that they lay in hearing of our guns all day and was afraid to come to us.  they tell us that two of the Snake Indians has Stole 22 of their horses, and these three are in persuit of them.  one Stayed to pilot us over the mout.  the other 2 proceeded on in order to ride all night after them, intending to git their horses if possable.  our guide tells us that these waters runs into Mackinzees River [See Lewis's entry for this day.] as near as they can give an account, but he is not acquainted that way. So we go the road he knows.

September 10, 1805
Joseph Whitehouse

We had a clear pleasant morning, and the weather moderate, As our Road now lay over a Mountain to our left hand, Our Officers concluded to stay here this day, in Order to take an Observation & attain the latitude of this place & for the hunters to provide us with Meat, sufficient to last us across that mountain; and to rest our horses.--   Several of the Men & our best hunters were sent out a hunting.--

We found along this Creek, a considerable quantity of Cotton wood timber, & in the bottoms choke cherries.  We found an immense quantities of these berries, which the Natives had lately gathered for food on their way to the Mesouri, Elder, Willow & Service berries bushes grow in plenty along this Creek.--  the day continued to grow warm, but the Snow did not melt on the Mountains, which lay a short distance for us.   On these mountains are large Pitch pine Trees.  The Snow on the Mountains have the appearance of the Middle of winter.  The Vallies have a very pleasant appearance.--  Towards evening all our hunters returned to our Camp.--  They had killed 4 Deer, 1 fawn 2 Ducks & several Geese.  The hunters went out again up the Creek a short distance, and came across 3 Indians took our hunters up behind them, and rode very fast down to our Camp, We learnt from our Interpreters & Guide, that those Indians belonged to a Nation of Indians called the Flatt head Nation.  Some of our hunters that went down the Creek or River, informed us, that they were in sight of the Columbia River this day & allow it to be about 15 Miles down the Valley that we are now in.

The three Indians, that came to our Camp with our hunters informed us; that they had lay in the hearing of the firing of our Guns all this day, and that they were afraid to come to us, not knowing what nation we belonged to.  They also informed us, that two of the Snake Nation of Indians had stole 22 of their horses & that they were now in pursuit of them.  One of the Indians staid with us to pilot us over the Mountains and the other two started after the theives, intending to ride all the night after them, and to get their horses if possible.--  Our guide, informed us, that these Waters, run into Mackenzie's River, as near as <they> he can guess, or give information, but says that he is not acquainted with that Road or path, Our officers concluded on going the Road that our Interpreter is best acquainted with.--